The biggest choice you have to make when you go for a mobile web app is to pick an MVC framework.
- Backbone
- Ember
- Angular
- Ext JS, Touch from Sencha (Gordon's choie)
ToDoMVC.com lists all the MVC frameworks.
JQuery is not considered an MVC architecture.
Gordon's server is written in NetTalk and uses just the basic NetTalk functionality.
Google provides a lot of tooling for Android development.
Sencha has a product called Architect to help with the user interface design. Gordon fired up Architect and showed how to use it to create a mobile app to consume the web service, going into some detail on the JavaScript code.
Actions (e.g. clicking a button) are handled by controllers.
Someone asked how this compares to NetTalk. A Sencha app is an all-JavaScript solution, except for whatever bits you may implement on the server side, while NetTalk generates HTML pages that also make use of JavaScript.